Cutting parameters: how to choose them.

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Why are cutting parameters important?

Manufacturers’ main objective is to process the highest number of workpieces with a specific qualitative value, in a given time and with maximum savings. To achieve this objective, you must:

  • Find the perfect balance between these aspects
  • Choose the best cutting parameters for the process to be carried out.

Manufacturers should therefore focus, first and foremost, on proactive planning to minimise rejects and downtime. By doing so, the following should be identifiable:

  • The right balance between productivity and production costs
  • The most optimal tool choice
  • The most optimal cutting parameter choice

The cutting parameters

The tool’s cutting parameters that most affect the machining process are:

  • Cutting depth
  • Feed rate
  • Cutting speed

This choice in the decision-making process is therefore a priority because, by modifying it, you can resolve most machining problems and improve productivity, without having to change tools.

Should the tool geometry, material or attachments be changed, this may require the application of new tools, thus increasing the tool, machine and production costs.

For this reason, here at TOMMASIN UTENSILI, we thoroughly support our clients: we always advise them on the best cutting parameter choice and also offer the option to create customised special tools, according to the client’s drawing.

Contact us, to choose the cutting parameters of your tool

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    Choosing the best cutting parameters

    In order to benefit from the chosen tool parameters, it is necessary to first consider the relationship between the company’s various processes.

    The first priority of this approach is to ensure reliability, i.e. to limit the number of rejects produced and avoid unplanned downtime. The following must therefore be taken into account:

    • The cutting effects
    • The physical effects
    • The chemical effects

    that the material to be machined has on the tool.

    For example, if the goal you want to achieve is cost efficiency, then choosing the tool with the lowest cost per cutting edge will not suffice, you will also need to choose reliable cutting parameters that will offer the tool a longer service life. If, on the other hand, the goal is to obtain a premium-quality component, high-precision and performance cutting parameters should be chosen.

    Therefore, depending on the objective to be achieved, different cutting parameters and tools will be chosen. Leaf through the TOMMASIN UTENSILI catalogue to find all the reference tables to help you choose the best cutting parameters for the different processes.

    Speed, feed rate and cutting depth

    As mentioned above, to choose the best cutting parameters for your objectives, it is therefore necessary to find the right balance between the speed, feed rate and cutting depth. In fact:

    • A high cutting speed can produce more components in the short term, but results in increased tool wear and consequently, tool changing costs.
    • An increased cutting depth reduces the number of strokes required for machining, i.e. the production time, and does not significantly affect the tool wear frequency.
    • A greater feed rate, on the other hand, reduces the wear frequency of the tool, but could affect the quality of the machined component or the surface finish.

    To figure out the right balance between these three components, F.W. Taylor devises a model in the 20th century that showed that:

    Given a certain combination of the cutting depth and feed rate, it is possible to identify a certain cutting speed range, in which wear is safe, predictable and controllable.

    In this way, the highest possible cutting speed – which reduces production time without increasing any wear-related tool costs – can be identified.